The paper deals with the problems of language acquisition and language learning from the neurolinguistic point of view. The aim of the present article is to overview psycholinguistic awareness and its contributions to the process of language learning-teaching. Few studies have investigated the relation between human mind and the language, the characteristics of the learner’s mental processes and some internal factors that are important when learning a foreign language. The four language skills to be developed while studying a foreign language are listening, reading, speaking, and writing. Thus, we are interested in knowing what happens in our brain during language production and perception. Being aware of some important psycho/neurolinguistic aspects of language development can help our students overcome all types of barriers they may experience while learning it.