The article presents the historical evolution of the concept of praxiology, the significance of this concept from a philosophical, sociological and pedagogical perspective. As a theoretical discipline, praxiology is also a methodology, an organ of practical activity, which offers scientific research tools, but it is also a metatheoretical discipline, where the sciences of education have the mission to develop tools for efficient organization of actions specific to education. At national level, the concept of praxiology is used as a practical, action activity, planning and operationalization of actions in the implementation of different concepts, educational policy documents.