The pedo-functional framework for sustainable management of the organic carbon cycle in the arable black soils
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2024-01-10 14:24
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JIGĂU, Gheorghe, DOBROJAN, Sergiu, DOBROJAN, Galina, TURCHIN, Boris, JIGĂU, Cristian, MOŞOI, Iurie, CIOLACU, Tatiana. The pedo-functional framework for sustainable management of the organic carbon cycle in the arable black soils. In: Biology and sustainable development, Ed. 21, 23 noiembrie 2023, Bacău. Bacău: 2023, Ediția 21, pp. 70-71.
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Biology and sustainable development
Ediția 21, 2023
Simpozionul "Biology and sustainable development"
21, Bacău, Romania, 23 noiembrie 2023

The pedo-functional framework for sustainable management of the organic carbon cycle in the arable black soils


Pag. 70-71

Jigău Gheorghe1, Dobrojan Sergiu1, Dobrojan Galina1, Turchin Boris1, Jigău Cristian1, Moşoi Iurie1, Ciolacu Tatiana2
 
1 Moldova State University,
2 Institute of Ecology and Geography, MSU
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 3 ianuarie 2024


Rezumat

In the context of the current climate trend, the interest in the management of organic carbon in soils is constantly increasing, returning to them the third place according to the organic carbon reserves contained (approx. 1550 GtC), after the planetary ocean (39000 GtC) and geological deposits (5000 GtC ), (Stolbovoi, 2020). In a global context, soils contain approx. 2 times more organic carbon than the atmosphere (760 GtC) and approx. 3 times more than vegetation (500 GtC). At the same time, however, according to calculations, as a result of the use of soil resources in agriculture, agroforestry and other agricultural purposes, the soil cover receives approx. 23% of gas emissions with evening effect in the atmosphere. In the context of the announced topic, chernozems have a special role in the sequestration-stabilization of organic carbon determined by their genetic peculiarities: - the genesis of chernozems is determined, exclusively, by the process of formation and accumulation of humus; - the humus formation and accumulation process has a progressive-cumulative character, quasi-equilibrated with the terrain conditions; humus reserves in the 0-100 cm layer are from 465 to 650 t/ha depending on the chernozem subtype and the soil conditions; - the meaning and intensity of the humus formation process, the quantity and composition of the newly formed substances are determined by pedofunctional peculiarities of the humusaccumulative horizon Am (aerohydric, hydrothermal and biological regimes), the quantity and quality of fresh organic materials included in the pedogenesis process. In this context, the functionality of the humus-accumulative horizon determines the meaning and intensity of the processes that are carried out in the underlying pedogenetic horizons with the formation of the progressive-accumulative transformationalmigratory type of humiferous profile. In this sense, the pedogenetic profile of chernozems involves two distinct pedofunctional layers: a) superior humification - transformational growth has a decisive role in the operation of the " soil-plant " self-regulating system. It has a high accumulative potential and ensures with humic substances practically the entire profile of chernozems. b) migratory-cumulative (transition horizon Bm): it is characterized by increased stabilization potential of humic substances eluted with the downward currents of water from the humification-transformation layer. The accumulation-stabilization of organic humus in it is ensured by the increased specific area of the mineral component determined by the high proportion of smectite - montmorillonitic minerals, the increased content of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in the adsorptive complex of the soil, the absence of peptizers, the contrast character of the regime of humidity determined by the non-percolating /periodic percolating water regime. At the same time, with the depth, the intensity of the humus mineralization process decreases as a result of the reduction of the degree of aeration, the modification of the oxidationreduction potential in the reducing sense. In the context of the mentioned, the sustainable management of the organic carbon circuit implies the sustainability of bioenergetic resources in the humification-transformational layer and the provision of the optimal physical framework for the realization of the humus formation-accumulation-stabilization process.

Cuvinte-cheie
soil, organic carbon, arable black soils