Trade plays an important role in the process of distribution of goods, economic growth and in increasing the quality of life of the population, contributing to the ensurance of macroeconomic equilibrium. Trade is ranked first regarding its contribution to GDP formation. Its share constituted 14.1% in 2016, this indicator being on the rise. That is why the study of the phenomena taking place in this field and the continuous modernization of this sector has a major significance. The paper analyses the legislation, policies and the current situation in the field of domestic trade, the level of assurance of consumers with units and commercial infrastructure in the urban and rural localities over the country, the structure of the volume of goods sales by category. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of the implementation of the Domestic Trade Development Strategy of the Republic of Moldova for 2014-2020, as well as to the analysis of internal trade in Chisinau, which has a market share of about 40% of the total sales. In the light of recent legislative changes and innovations, the paper describes the simplification of the commercial activity launching procedure through the implementation of commercial notification and creation of a unique information system for the management and issuance of permissive documents (Single Window Service), which contributes to the optimization of permissive documents for business start-up in trade and reducing of tax burden for entrepreneurs. On the basis of carried out researches, proposals are reasoned regarding the improvement of domestic trade activity, the implementation of which will facilitate the evolution of this sector and its contribution to the socio-economic development of the country.