The present work is dedicated to the research of the present state of the fauna and diversity of coleopterans from the forest ecosystems from Central Moldavian Plateau, the trophical spectrum, geographical distribution, and the saproxilic coleopterans from the primeval forests and their practical importance. As a result of the investigations made during the years 2002-2005, on the area of the Central Moldavian Plateau, there were identified 414 species belonging to 140 genre, 66 tribes, 22 subfamilies and 6 families (Carabidae, Rhysodidae, Silphidae, Scarabaeidae, Cerambycidae), 20 species are rare and menaced with the extinction, from which 5 species are included in the IInd edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova. According to the preferable trophic spectrum, the majority coleopterans represents the phytophagous group, which constitutes 40% from the total number of the known species, followed by the zoophagous group (36%).The coprophagous species represent 11%, the mixofags – 9%, and the necrofags – 4%.