The over-cultivation of chernozems is a product of the degradative impact caused by the pedofunctional changes induced by their inclusion in the agricultural circuit, manifested in the reduction of the reproduction capacity of the chernozem process and soil fertility. In view of the priority role of the process of formationaccumulation of humus and that of aggregation-structuring of soil matter, overcultivation is caused by the disruption of the interdependent and interdetermined functionality of the pedofunctional system [the bioenergetic system]↔[the structuralaggregate system] as a result of the intensive use of soils in conditions of insufficient flow of bioenergetic resources in the soil. This implies the differentiated practice of the biologicalization process of the practiced agricultural system. To evaluate the degree of overcultivation, it is recommended to use the bioenergetic parameters (total content of organic matter in the soil, content of non-humized substances, humus content, composition of the humic system) and structural aggregate parameters (content of valuable aggregates, content of agronomically valuable aggregates, content of agronomically valueless aggregates). Depending on the degree of overcultivation, it is recommended to practice differentiated three levels of biologization of the practiced agricultural system.