The Union of Composers was one of the creative associations that held its activities within the Moldavian SSR, since 1940 and acted as a coordinator for composer and musicologist activities. The 2941 Fund – Union of Composers of MSSR, currently in the archive of socio-political organizations of the Republic of Moldova (AOSPRM) keep documents related to the activity of the association since 1947. The 1st UCSM Congress is convened in 1956. It held jobs during the period of January 28 to February 2, 1956 in Chisinau. The particpants were UCSM members, composers, musicologists, performers, representatives of other creative associations, guests from Moscow, Leningrad, Odessa, Kiev etc. The agenda included the report of UC Board of MSSR – Rapporteur L. Gurov; two other reports: the vocal compositions of Moldovan composers presented by D. Gherşfeld and the state of musicology and music critics in the country – Rapporteur A. Sofronovici. One of the present problems in the speeches of all the speakers at the Congress was the attitude towards national musical heritage. But virtually all speeches of delegates and guests were related only to folklore and how it is preserved. Through diligent study of the reports and other presentations, we cannot find an important reference of historical themes, except the revolutionary events and war. Only, to some minor extent, is mentioned cantata of „Stefan cel Mare” by ST. Denies. The past history of our people is a taboo for composers of the Soviet Moldova. Themes that become dominant are fighting for peace, socialist life priorities, the cult of revolutionary heroes and those related to the war and defense of homeland, the role of the communist leaders etc.