The features of the innovative orientation of the national economy determine the nature of economic factors that affect the innovation potential. State scientific and innovation policy, the policy of financial institutions, the competitive strategy of innovation activity subjects, the formation of consumer preferences groups and other factors affect the innovation potential and the acceleration of the innovation process as a whole. The balance of objectively acting external factors and deliberately formed internal influence determines the economic situation that creates external incentives for innovation, formation and active use of innovations. The type of organization of the national economy determines the external orientation of the motivation of the subjects of innovation activity, the opportunities for the commercial realization of its results, in addition to their own internal motives that have, besides the economic component, creative, cognitive and social goals.