The instauration of the communist regime in Romania in 1944 involved a radical change in the relations between the Church and the State. The popular authority and the symbolic role of the Church was difficult to eliminate, which is why a tactic was chosen to undermine the authority of the ecclesiastical institution through its attachment to the interests of the party. At the same time, the collaboration between the Orthodox Church and the communist authorities, the clergy’s submission to the country laws were necessary for the survival of the Church in the political context of those times, because generally, the communist state and the Church would be mutually exclusive. This fact involved the immediate reaction of some priests who openly expressed their disapproval of the new regime’s religious policy and of the relation of the Romanian Orthodox Church towards the State. Such an example was the anticommunist appeal of the Bessarabian hieromonk Mina Dobzeu to the representatives of the Romanian Orthodox Church, materialized as manifests and letters that called for the Orthodox clergy not to get involved in politics and to disobey the Romanian People's Republic regime.