Knowing of the genetic basis of wheat reaction to fungal pathogens streamlines the programs of creating resistant genotypes. The purpose of the research was to elucidate the genetic and epigenetic factors involved in the controlling of the resistance of common wheat to one of the severe causative agents of the root rot – Drechslera sorokiniana, commonly spread in cereal seed in the Republic of Moldova. The research was carried out under laboratory conditions by assessing the influence of D. sorokiniana culture filtrate on the plant growth organs and important morphogenetic indices – the frequency, surface and callus biomass in the adult wheat embryos. Parental forms, hybrids F1 and F2 were involved in the research. It was found that the growth of embryonic root and stem in F1 hybrids of wheat was significantly determined by the dominant factors of the parental forms which showed different degree of expression and orientation (direction of the values: +/-), depending on the hybrid combination, the variant of growth (control, culture filtrate) and growth organ (embryonic root, stem), which signifies differentiated involvement of allelic interactions of parental genomes in the growth of wheat plants. In one of the most susceptible test objects to the action of pathogens in the soil – the root embryo, it was found that phenomenon of overdominance and incomplete parental dominance with high values of character was manifested more frequently, which denotes the active allelic interactions of the parental genomes in the reaction to pathogen metabolites. In the reciprocal hybrids there were differences in the degree of dominance in both level of manifestation and orientation. The maternal effect was more pronounced in the pathogen response than in optimal conditions. In the mature wheat embryo culture, it was found that the parental factor has a strong influence on the transgressive potential of segregated F2 populations in terms of callus frequency, surface and callus biomass both under optimum conditions (MurashigeSkoog-MS medium) and on the MS culture medium supplemented with culture filtrate of D. sorokiniana, which makes it possible to optimize the procedures for obtaining vigorous regenerants on the toxin medium of said pathogen. The data show that the parental factor, ie the choice of the hybridization components as maternal or paternal form, greatly influences the degree of manifestation of the genetic and epigenetic factors that control the reaction of hybrid wheat plants to D. sorokiniana pathogen.