Integrated food protection of maize - based food security and safety of corn
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2023-05-09 23:33
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MATICIUC, Vasile, GUZUN, Lucia. Integrated food protection of maize - based food security and safety of corn. In: International congress on oil and protein crops, 20-24 mai 2018, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Tipografia "Artpoligraf", 2018, p. 140. ISBN 978-9975-3178-5-6.
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International congress on oil and protein crops 2018
Congresul "International congress on oil and protein crops"
Chişinău, Moldova, 20-24 mai 2018

Integrated food protection of maize - based food security and safety of corn


Pag. 140-140

Maticiuc Vasile, Guzun Lucia
 
Institute of Crop Science "Porumbeni"
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 18 septembrie 2019


Rezumat

Food corn is attractive host for a number of pests and pathogens that invades all plant organs at the time of germination up to the stage of maturity. Protect food corn seed treatment is performed by preparations for plant protection from outbreaks of pests. The integrated protection is used legally possible actions of principles organic farming such as biological means using antagonistic microorganisms limiting the pathogens. An important role in integrated protection of grain corn specifically for food industry occupies the creation and implementation in production of corn hybrids resistant to diseases and pests. The breeding complexity lies in improving grain quality with optimum combination of plant productivity and resistance to pathogens and pests. Developing productive and resistant hybrids, essentially depends on the genetic genotypes used as parental forms. Inbred lines resistant to pests and diseases is behind the creation of hybrids. Genetic variability for resistance to pathogens and pests, food corn is limited and sources of resistance have poor taste qualities. Initially biological material for create new lines and hybrids of maize food was presented by local populations, local and foreign lines of world collection and other genetic sources flint corn, everta and sweet corn varieties. In the works to improve the focus was on the use of recurrent selection dent lines as donors of productivity and resistance. The development and evaluation resistance inbred lines and hybrids were carried out by different methods of selection in the field in monoculture and the incorporation and inoculation of the infection. One of the effective methods to improve the quality of maize is the inclusion in the selection of varieties as the starting material and the particular qualities of the local population to population nutrition. Creation of specific lines of genetic material with different indexes, confirming the effectiveness of the grain dent sources to increase production, resistance to biotic and abiotic factor The breeding in the last 25 years have resulted in the development of several inbred lines with flint kernels and high content of vitamins and ß- carotin grains specifically for popcorn and sweet. During our activity were develop 62 new inbred lines, inclusive 22 of flint corn, 12 popcorn and 28 of sweet corn. In the Register of Plant Varieties of Republic of Moldova were registered 19 new hybrids for special uses in food industry, inclusive 4 flint corn for cereals and flour: Porumbeni 348, Porumbeni 393, Porumbeni 397, Porumbeni 402; four hybrids for popcorn: Porumbeni 396E, Porumbeni 356E, Porumbeni 394E, Porumbeni 398E and ten sweet corn hybrids: Porumbeni 196su, Porumbeni 198su, Porumbeni 200su, Porumbeni 342su, Porumbeni 343su, Porumneni 280su, Porumbeni 252su.