New procedures for obtaining spirulina biomass with high content of iron as an effective component part
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2022-10-21 15:02
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ZOSIM, Liliana, BALAN (BATIR), Ludmila, ELENCIUC, Daniela. New procedures for obtaining spirulina biomass with high content of iron as an effective component part. In: Conservation of plant diversity, Ed. 4, 28-30 septembrie 2015, Chișinău. Chișinău: Gradina Botanica (Institut), 2015, Ediția 4, p. 113. ISBN 978-9975-3036-8-2.
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Conservation of plant diversity
Ediția 4, 2015
Simpozionul "Conservation of plant diversity"
4, Chișinău, Moldova, 28-30 septembrie 2015

New procedures for obtaining spirulina biomass with high content of iron as an effective component part


Pag. 113-113

Zosim Liliana1, Balan (Batir) Ludmila2, Elenciuc Daniela3
 
1 Moldova State University,
2 Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology of the ASM,
3 University of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 15 mai 2019


Cuvinte-cheie
iron accumulation, Spirulina biomass, antianemic bio-preparations


Teza

The elaboration of procedures for obtaining iron-enriched Spirulina biomass could help solve one of the most acute problems, namely the one regarding iron deficiency, through effective involvement of organically bound iron in the metabolism of cellular biosynthesis, depending on the physiological and metabolic body's needs. Iron enters the composition of the hemoglobin – protein with an important role in the transport of oxygen, participates in oxidation-reduction reactions, while its absence in the human body leads to anaemia. The preparations currently used to treat anaemia (ferrogradumet, ferroplex etc.) are poorly effective because iron is in the form of simple salts, relatively toxic for the body, and their administration is accompanied by numerous side effects. In most of cases, the iron daily dose indicated for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia exceeds the required daily norm, being determined by the fact that the iron from the composition of these preparations is badly assimilated, and the treatment turns out ineffective. For these reasons, the remedies used in the prophylaxis and treatment of these affections should be directed towards a greater efficiency, minimizing unwanted side effects and the possibility of installing hemochromatosis state. The most appropriate thing in this case would be the use of some organic complexes of iron, easily assimilable. The trinuclear coordination compounds of Fe(III) with amino acids, as well as the heterotrinuclear compounds of Fe(III), although they represent complexes containing molecules of organic compounds are obtained as a result of chemical synthesis and cannot be directly applied in the treatment of Iron Deficiency anaemia, as they can be toxic to the body. Therefore, it has been investigated the possibility of using them as chemical stimulators of the processes of growth and development of cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis CNM-CB-02 and its ability to bind iron by forming links with intracellular organic compounds. The advantage of using iron-enriched Spirulina biomass in the treatment of anaemia is determined by the content of microelements and other bioactive components of its biomass: vitamins, phycobiliproteins, beta-carotene, acid gamma-linolenic, immunoactive amino acids, etc., increasing the effectiveness of treatment. In the context of those exposed above, we aimed at elaborating new processes and technologies for producing Spirulina biomass with a high content of iron, which could serve as a source for obtaining new antianaemic preparations. The research results on the accumulation of iron in Spirulina biomass, with the use as regulators of coordination compounds, have revealed the high capacity of Spirulina to accumulate iron. From all the tested compounds, there have been selected three compounds which have been shown to be the most effective: [Fe3O-Gly], [Fe3O-Ala] and [Fe2MgO]. The application of a fairly broad range of compound concentrations (5 – 50 mg/L) allowed determining the gradient of the given process. As a result, iron accumulation in the biomass is directly proportional to the increase of the compound concentration. This rule is respected for all time limits of introducing the compounds. The maximum content of iron with very slight oscillations between the obtained values is achieved in the biomass for the concentrations of the above-mentioned compounds of 50 mg/L, supplemented in rates at different stages of Spirulina growth (½ on the 1st day of cultivation and ½ on the 3rd day of cultivation), representing the maximum value 1020 mg % ([Fe2MgO]), 1010 mg % ([Fe3O-Ala]) and 1200 mg % ([Fe3O-Gly]), compared to 180 mg % in the biomass cultivated without the addition of coordination compound. The obtained biomass according to the elaborated procedures contains 1 – 1.2 % Fe from ADB, whose values are higher than the reference sample of about 5.62 to 6.74 times. The obtained biomass may be used for the production of iron component nutraceutical products, as well as for the production of some antianaemic bio-preparations with a predicted content of this bioelement and bioactive principles. Thus, the performed researches have resulted in the development of 3 processes for obtaining Spirulina biomass with predicted iron content as an effective component part „SPFe1”, „SPFe2”, „SPFe3” according to which there are obtained three products.