Microflora and microfauna in the soil is the most important living rhizosphere and consists of bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, algae and protozoa. Because of their mineralization of organic substances takes place and make the circuits of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur in nature. Scope this article consists in assessing the influence of soil physical indices on cellulolytic activity under agrocenoses autumn wheat. Research activities were conducted cellulolytic Didactic -experimental Chetrosu resort in Anenii Noi district on sandy loam carbonate chernozem in agrocenoses autumn wheat in rotation (after Bean) with different technologies of tillage - No-till plowing and (years 2016). Cellulolytic activity was determined by the Mişustin E., 1978 method, and evaluated according to Table 1 based on the principle of the method using the decomposition of cellulose under aerobic conditions blades in the 0-30 cm layer of soil. The research results cellulolytic activity in autumn wheat agrocenoses during earing depending on the technology applied to soil tillage is shown in Table 2 and 3 (G. Muller, 1968). According to research for the variant plowing cellulolytic activity varies between 48-56%, and the variant No-till varies between 27-33%.