Much of the spiritual wealth of the Romanians has been dissipated and / or alienated. There were many reasons for that: social, political and cultural. The way how the old Romanian books have got foreign collections can and should be reconstituted under a solid documentation. Among these old books there are rare editions which have a unique value. Some of them are the first editions translated and printed into the Romanian language which have a special scientific importance. In fact, a lot of old Romanian books could be found in many Russian public collections. A good portion of them are very badly preserved. Many of them have been lying on library shelves for decades without ever being studied by a curious researcher who would bring them to „life”.