The last decade has been marked by a series of events which ought to facilitate the foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova. The most important are considered to be the R. Moldova’s accession to WTO and the preferential trade regimes that Moldova are benefiting from the main trading partners. But, despite this, the external trade growth trend in this period was determined rather by an accelerated growth in imports than that in exports. In this context a question appears “why in condition of free access in the main export markets for the majority of products, our exports remain so small?”