In the article the authors focus their attention on the issue of diffuse mastopathia, its background, aspects of anatomic development of the breast, hormonal interdependence, including mammogenesis and lactogenesis. There are described the main dishormonal changes in the mammary glands, methods of examination and diagnosis, authors’ own classification of mastopathia, including the following forms: hormonally induced, neurogenic, thyroid, ovarian, adrenal, hepatic, idiopathic. There is argumented the efficiency of etiopathogenetic method of treatment, proposed by authors.