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631.423:631.816:663.262 (1) |
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![]() SIURIS, Andrei, BIVOL, Ina, BOAGHE, Lilia. The bio-ecological soil fetilization with winery and ethanol production industry wastes. In: Natural sciences in the dialogue of generations, 14-15 septembrie 2023, Chişinău. Chişinău: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2023, p. 183. ISBN 978-9975-3430-9-1. |
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Natural sciences in the dialogue of generations 2023 | |||||||
Conferința "Natural sciences in the dialogue of generations" Chişinău, Moldova, 14-15 septembrie 2023 | |||||||
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CZU: 631.423:631.816:663.262 | |||||||
Pag. 183-183 | |||||||
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In today's world, the environment ecological state in most natural and anthropogenic ecosystems is deplorable. The production of alcoholic beverages discarded chaotically wastes represent a major danger both for human life and for air, soil, flora, etc. There is not any enterprise in the Republic of Moldova for either the direct disposal or the reprocessing of these wastes. However, in these wastes contain a significant amount of biophilic elements necessary for the nutrition of crop plants and soil fertility, and last but not least, a high amount of organic matter. An estimated 100 thousand of the waste is accumulated in the country annually. It is in them 28 thousand tons of organic matter, 211 tons of nitrogen, 95 tons of phosphorus and 257 tons of potassium are contained. The several hitherto unexplored wastes in the Republic of Moldova which originate from the alcoholic beverage production units’ output (wine yeasts, vinasa from wineries and cereal marc from ethanol production enterprises) were tested in two field experiences on the Technological-Experimental Station "Codru" located in the municipality of Chisinau in 2011-2022 years. The use of these fertilizers resulted in a significant increase in organic matter content by 0.17-0.43%. A significant increase of nitric nitrogen by 1.48-6.30 mg/kg, changeable phosphorus and potassium respectively by 0.31-0.72 mg/100 g and 7.5-20.1 mg/100 g was found. The improvement of the agrophysical indices of the soil was observed. The application of wine yeasts ensures a significant increase in grape production (Sauvignon) on average over 12 years to 1.6-3.0 t/ha. The increase in yield when incorporating vinasa was on average 1.2-1.9 t/ha. The cereal marc applied to the soil resulted in average of crop production increases in 1300-1800 kg/ha cereal units over 11 years compared to the unfertilized control. The investigated wines are characterized by good organoleptic qualities and according to their typicality they correspond to the normative acts in force. At fertilization with cereal marc was recorded considerably increases the harvested mass of protein and fat. In comparison to the control plants, the mass of protein collected in 11 years increased by 120-987 kg/ha. The bio-ecological fertilizers applied, therefore, have financial benefits and at the same time the level of environmental pollution decreases substantially. |
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Cuvinte-cheie wastes, alcohol, beverages, soil fertility, crop productivity, environment |
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