Productivity of field crops in various methods of fertilization with straw. In order to identify the efficient and rational methods of utilizing straw surpluses as fertilizer, their influence on crop productivity was researched. The experience was based on weakly eroded ordinary chernozem clay-clay in the Cahul district of the Republic of Moldova. The straw and the adjacent fertilizers were applied three times in July of the years 2009, 2013 and 2017. The most effective method proved to be the method composed of 4 t/ha of straw left for harvesting in stubble over which chemical fertilizers were distributed in the N20P20 dose. Both types of fertilizers were incorporated once for four years. The given procedure ensured an average annual increase of 480 kg/ha of conventional wheat. In experience, the phenomenon of a decrease in plant production from the incorporation of straw applied separately, without nitrogen, has not been proven. Fact, which is due to the ability of chernozem soils to form, through the mineralization of humus, sufficient nitrogen necessary for the microbiological processing of straws applied in the summer. So, in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Republic of Moldova, straw surpluses can be incorporated as fertilizer without being supplemented with nitrogen-containing fertilizers.