This paper analyzed the basic aspects of intellectual property, the role and importance of accumulation and development of intellectual property within a society. The practical aspects of the development of the research and development field have been researched on the example of the Republic of Moldova. The problems faced by the country in the development of the research and development sector have been identified. The research methodology has focused on the following methods: analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction, comparison, induction, deduction, table method, graphics. In conclusion, we mention that intellectual property is the pillar of a prosperous economy, a competitive advantage of a society. The Republic of Moldova should invest in the development of intellectual prowess and strengthen its efforts to generate and accumulate innovations.