Introduction. It is well known that the last decades of the twentieth and early twenty-first century is characterized by intensifying local occurrence of military conflicts, such as: Afghanistan, Iraq, Transnistria, Yugoslavia, Chechnya, Gaza, Ukraine. In all cases, the overall losses along with human and general loss of the warring parties, general human and sanitary (collateral) fatalities become visible among the civilian population, which unfortunately can not be predicted, and the amount and structure depends on many factors. Materials and methods. According to specialized literature, in all military conflicts mentioned above, normal and high precision weapons were used. These types of modern weapons of destruction characterized by high capacity mainly caused serious and extremely serious injuries among military personnel as well as civilians. Discussion. If the was of organization and assistance of the healthcare granted to belligerent parties is according to some systems characteristic for the involved countries, then the organization of emergency medical care to civilian population remains a major and intricate problem, the settlement of which must be included as part of national health systems. Conclusions. The human overall losses, collateral (civilian population) in the local military conflicts are inevitable, whereas the value and structure depend on the type of weapon used and the protection level of the population (presence of shelters for the population). The recovery of the wounded from places where military operations are hold has to be organized in advance as well as to set up brigades within civilian medical institutions. Also they need to be provided with all necessary equipment and comply with humanitarian international rules and establish relationship with military medical services.