An ensemble of factors influences the work environment of the employees in the winery enterprises: physical, chemical, biological and psychological. The combination of these factors can influence the technical aspect of the work environment and the workers ’ health level. The chemical substances play an important role in the formation of the work conditions. Almost 90% of the number of the technological operations are accompanied by the use or the formation of different chemical mixtures (carbon dioxide, anhydrite sulphide, vapours of ethyl alcohol, ammonium). So technological processes as cause the presence of the chemical pollutants in the air of the work place of the winery enterprises: the fermentation; the conservation and the filtration, which have as a result the presence of the vapours and gases of the chemical mixtures. Taking into consideration the fact that these processes happen all the yearlong, the pollution of the work environment is also permanent. The vapours of the ethyl alcohol get in the organism by means of the breathing organs exerting narcotic action. The radicals of the ethyl alcohol have a toxically action on the liver – they stop the protection function of the liver, and reduce the immunity. Their long influence on the organism can cause the liver’s dystrophy. Relying on the obtained results we made the conclusion that the concentration of the ethyl alcohol’s vapours in the air of the work zone constitutes 543 – 10520 mg/m3, (CMA – 1000 mg/m3). The use of the sulphide an hydrate as an antioxidant – at the conservation of the winery material, the disinfection of the raw material and the keeping volumes of the winery products ore foreseen by the requirements of the technological processes. The general action of the sulphide anhydrite is characterised by disturbing the glucidic and proteinic metabolism, it contributes to the formation of the sanguine methemoglobulin. As a result the olfactive and gustative sensibility is modified, some breathing and coetaneous diseases are developed. We can also mention that till the present moment we don’t have an analogical substance by its features but with a reduced toxically action or harmless composition. The analysis of the air tests established that the concentration of the sulphur dioxide in the work zone varies between 1,9 – 78,5 mg/m3, (CMA – 10 mg/m3). The ammonium is used most of all as a cooling agent in the winery industry. This chemical substance possesses an arousing and narcotic action, which is well expressed. By penetrating in the breathing organs it causes an oedema of the mucous membrane, spasm and combustion. Getting info the eyes, it leads to chemical combustion with a possible evolution of the blindness. The concentration of the ammonium in the work zone is about 8,0 – 15,0 mg/m3 (CMA – 20,0 mg/m3). The results of the research allowed the elaboration of an ensemble of concrete steps for the bettering of the occupational environment and the prophylactics of the diseases at the employees.