This article is dedicated to the most disputable question of the correct introducing of medical data and its importance for the Criminal law. A great deal of legal problems is to be solved. First of all, the judicial practice meets some obstacles because of the impossibility to identify the document performed by the physician. Secondly, in some cases there are introduced the data which totally or partially denaturizes the objective reality regarding the state of patient’s health. At the same time, there were shown general problems and deficiencies in the managing of medical documentation inside the hospitals and other medical institutions from the Republic of Moldova. In the base of our study we have formulated several conclusions, which are strongly recommended in order to be taken into consideration during judicial trials on medical malpractice.