The town of Pecica is located in Arad County, Romania, in the Arad Plain, on the right side of the Mureş River. The administrative area of Pecica is 23,717 ha. The structure of this area is as follows: agricultural land – 19,471 ha and non-agricultural land – 4,246 ha. Seven types of soil with different subtypes were identified in this area: aluviosol – 1,217 ha, phaeozem – 5,831 ha, chernozem – 9,147 ha, vertosol and pelosol – 1,967 ha, gleysol – 875 ha, erodosol – 138 ha, and solonetz – 296 ha. The largest shares are those of chernozems – 9,147 ha and phaeozems – 5,831 ha, totalling 14,978 ha of the 17,590 ha of arable land. The fact that these lands cover about 17,590 ha (76.93%) of the agricultural area and that, together with the land with small restrictions, explains the particular agricultural importance of the territory. In order to achieve the proposed goal, the following objectives were established, which were carried out in the field and laboratory: the study of the natural framework for soil formation in the perimeter of Pecica; identification of soils and soil and land units the determination of yielding capacity; the determination of the soil yielding potential; the assessment of economic efficiency of the main agricultural crops.