Legends and fairy tales are artistic creations that contain symbols and deep analytical meanings, which are transmitted together with the text read or heard. It is a meaningful approach to decipher these archetypal images for the knowledge of the national spirit in which we develop, as well as for the development of new psychotherapeutic techniques that use these literary creations. The ritual formulas of introduction and end of fairy tales have the role of sinking and then extracting the reader from the area of the unconscious and the emotional. Only the activated unconscious can determine a deep understanding, capable of transformation and therapeutic change. The mythical time in which fairy tales take place, that "illud tempus" is in accordance with the Jungian archetypes of the collective unconscious. The classic formula in which the characters are initially presented (a king / emperor with three sons) is found in most Romanian fairy tales, transmitting the predominance of a male archetype in which the soul is missing. The hero's journey inevitably ends with the rediscovery of his soul, which allows him to bring the woman into his life, as a completion and integration of the total being. Only the kindness, empathy, intuition, specifically feminine, that the hero manifests in overcoming obstacles can lead to this masculine-feminine integration. The pit, the interior of the earth, the passage to another world, become symbols of sinking into the depths of the Self, with reference to the meaning of the earth, associated with motherhood, where the hero rebuilds himself. In Harap-Alb, Praslea and the golden apples, as well as in many other Romanian fairy tales we find these symbols. The Oedipu / Electra complex and the psychoanalytic complexes of parents towards their own children, blocking the development of the protagonists, are found in other fairy tales "Salt in dishes", "Aleodor Imparat", which also stylizes the solution through healthy and mature love. The interpretation of fairy tales resembles the interpretation of dreams and can become a source of effective and useful psychotherapeutic intervention in clinical practice.