The article represents an analysis of the current legislation of the Republic of Moldova on the direct taxation of small business agents - individual enterprises and peasant farms. Direct taxes on SMEs were subject to analysis. The system of taxation of the economic agents is progressive, with the increase of the taxable base also increases the tax rate of the natural and legal persons. The fiscal regime of the economic entities subject to the small and medium enterprises sector is also analyzed. Eliminating tax incentives for small business agents and introducing a rather sophisticated fiscal regime increases tax pressure on small business agents. Deductions from gross income are specified according to legislation, as well as those that are excluded in their full amount. The European experience in taxing business transfers and in taxing reinvested earnings is elucidated. Proposals on the widening of facilities for the operation of registered startaps have a practical significance.