Biological Museum of Brest  State University named after A.S. Pushkin is one of the most popular eco-educational centers of the Brest region. The founding year of the museum can be considered 1963, when its  zoological section was opened. The exposition of the biological museum of university contains 31 species of mammals of Belarus representing 40% of the total species of republic theriofauna. Exhibits include stuffed animals, skins, skulls and horns. list of mammalian exhibits (RB - Red Book of Belarus, 2014, protection category): ‒ Insectivora: Erinaceus concolor roumanicus, talpa europaea, Neomys fodiens; ‒ Chiroptera: Nyсtalus noctula, Myotis nattereri (RB, III), Plecotus auritus; ‒ Carnivora: Canis lupus, vulpes vulpes, Lynx lynx (RB, II), Lutra lutra, meles meles (RB, II), martes foina, m. martes, mustela erminea (ii), mustela nivalis, mustela putorius, mustela vison; ‒ Lagomorpha: Lepus timidus, L. europaeus; ‒ Rodentia: sciurus vulgaris, spermophilus suslicus (RB, III), Castor fiber, Dryomys nitedula, muscardinus avellanarius (RB, Iv), Cricetus cricetus (RB, III), ondatra zibethicus;‒ Artiodactyla: sus scrofa, Cervus elaphus, Capreolus capreolus, alces alces, bison bonasus (RB. III). Thus, 8 of 31 species (25.8%) are listed as endangered. Unfortunately, almost all the exhibits have no labels showing the date, places of  captures and  other necessary details. It considerably reduces the scientific value of the mammological collection. exact number of mammal species in Belarus and the South-western region in particular is not defined. This is due to many reasons, including the lack of comprehensive research of microtheriofauna of the regions, poor differentiation of sibling species and partly taxonomic discrepancies. Possibly trere is bigger species variety of Belorussian mammals. For emample, there are 93 mammalian species in Poland. Special interest from the standpoint of zoogeography and faunogenesis is boundary territories of Belarus, through which the intense migration of animals is carried. Currently theriological research in the following areas is actual: ‒ clarification of habitats and status determination of Neomys anomalus; ‒ identification of distribution and variability of Crocidura suaveolens and Cr. leucodon; ‒ clarification of the species diversity of the genus Sorex. Identification of the role of shrews in maintaining of natural foci of disease in the territory of Belarus, the reasons for their anomalous penetration in a person’s home are scientifically interesting (for example sorex araneus). To solve this problems a number of concrete measures should be taken, especially: ‒ publications on theriological summaries, as well as species-counterparts, should be based on the analysis of craniological (and possibly phenetic) characteristics and corresponding photographic material; ‒ organize expeditions for collecting scientific data on the South-West of Belarus; ‒ create a collection fund of skulls and carcasses of mammals, which could become a training center of professional mammalogists. In addition, a rigorous craniological analysis of museum collections is extremely important for the development of an improved version of the qualifier of  Belarus‘ mammals. The problem is that mammological cranial and other characteristics of a number of species in the Belarusian literature are taken from foreign literature, and they do not always correspond to the characteristics of local populations,  for example. Appropriate to note that the organization and financing of zoological museum in Belarus, unlike other countries, is neglected (even cases of the collection funds’ destroying are known).