Antifungal and phytostimulation activity of penicillium fungi
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2019-05-15 18:46
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SÎRBU, Tamara. Antifungal and phytostimulation activity of penicillium fungi. In: Microbial Biotechnology, Ed. 4, 11-12 octombrie 2018, Chișinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Institutul de Microbiologie şi Biotehnologie, 2018, Ediția 4, p. 107. ISBN 978-9975-3178-8-7.
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Microbial Biotechnology
Ediția 4, 2018
Conferința "Microbial Biotechnology"
4, Chișinău, Moldova, 11-12 octombrie 2018

Antifungal and phytostimulation activity of penicillium fungi


Pag. 107-107

Sîrbu Tamara
 
Institutul de Microbiologie şi Biotehnologie
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 20 februarie 2019



Teza

Mycelial fungi are successfully used in contemporary biotechnology as producers of bioactive substances. A special role belongs to them in the production of biopreparations for agricultural use (fungicides, herbicides, insecticides). Trihodermin bioproduct (based on Trichoderma genus), vermiculite and funiculosum (Penicillium genus), etc., are used as agricultural plant phytostimulators and for the treatment of plants affected by various pathogens. The purpose of the research was to investigate the antimicrobial and phytostimulating properties of some fungal strains of the Penicillium genus. Strains Penicillium funiculosum CNMN FD 11 and Penicillium verrucosum CNMN FD 19 were studied. The antifungal properties of the micromycetes strains were studied according to the diffusion method using the agar blocks. The following phytopathogens served as test-culturess: A. niger, Alternaria alternata; Botrytis cinerea; Fusarium solani; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium graminearum. For studying the phytostimulatory properties, triticale seeds Ingen 93 and wheat seeds “Arnautca” were used. Metabolites were obtained in the submerged cultivation of the studied strains in the medium consisting of (%): glucose 4.0; NaNO3 - 2.0; K2HPO4 - 2.5; MgSO4x7H2O - 1.0; FeSO4 x 7H2O - 0.01; yeast extract 1.5; pH 6.2, under continuous stirring conditions (160-180 r.p.m.) at 28-30° C for 6 days. The culture fluid (the metabolites) was separated from the biomass by filtration, and then diluted with water in a ratio of 1:100; 1:200; 1:300; 1:400; 1:500. Triticale and wheat seeds were soaked in aqueous suspension of metabolites of the strains studied with these concentrations for 2 hours (consumption standard - 0.1 l / kg seed), then placed in Petri dishes on filter paper wetted with distilled water. The boxes were inserted into the thermostat for growth at 24° C for 7 days. On the 3rd day of cultivation the germinating activity was determined, and on the 7th day the final seed germination. After 4 days of cultivation, the body parameters of the plantlets were determined: the number of roots in a plant, the average length of the roots and shoots, the root length, the gross and dry weight of the roots and the plants. As a control group served the wetted seeds in distilled water. It has been established that P.funiculosum strains CNMN FD 11 and P.verrucosum CNMN FD 19 show antagonism against all the phytopathogens tested. The diameter of the phytopathogen inhibition zones ranges from 20 to 26 mm. In the treatment of triticale and wheat seeds with fungal metabolites, the most effective one was the concentration of 1:300. Thus, in this variant (1:300) germinating energy and germination of triticale and wheat seeds under the influence of metabolites of P.funiculosum strain CNMN FD 11 increased by 6-10% in comparison with control variant. The number of roots in a plant increased by 10-23%, the main roots length and the average length of the roots increased by 2 times, the average length of the plantlets increased by 1.5 times. When treating the P.verrucosum CNMN FD 19 metabolites, germinating activity and germination of triticale and wheat seeds increased on average by 10-17%, the number of roots of a plantlet increased by 10-31.5%, the length of the main roots and the average length of roots and plantlets has increased by 2.5 times. As a conclusion, we estabished that the treatment of triticale and wheat seeds before sowing with the aqueous solution of P.funiculosum strain CNMN FD 11 or P.verrucosum CNMN FD 19 in a ratio of 1:300 stimulates the germination of the seeds, the growth of the roots and plantlets. It subsequently contributes to accelerating the beginning of crop maturation as well as stimulating their productivity.