As a result of a 20-year-long research, the author has discovered more than 30 Pit-Grave settlement objects, divided into two types: 1) basic long-term settlements; 2) temporary cattle herders’ sites. The author has partially excavated Desiatyny settlement (almost 1000 m2). It belongs to the most widespread type: 1) the basic settlements on the small (0.5–1ha) islets (or peninsulas) in wide floodplains of the Dnieper River and its tributaries. The Desiatyny type settlements have a relatively thin (0.4–0.7m) and rich archaeological layer (up to 100 finds per 1m2). Small (0.1–0.3ha) and poor in relics (1–10 finds per 1m2) temporary sites have been found in 2a) floodplain islets/peninsulas (often near basic settlements) and under the conditions of high topography: 2b) at the top of watersheds but next to a water source; 2c) on the high bank terrace of small rivers of the 2nd and 3rd order; 2d) on the low promontories of small rivers. The last subtype is known in a number of Pit-Grave territorial variants, the watershed subtype is a new one. The data deriving from the study of these settlement relics suggests that the population of Middle Dnieper variant of Pit-Grave culture practised transhumance, complementing their diet with the help of hunting, fishing and food gathering. The majority of population lived in basic floodplain settlements in communes of 50–100 persons (large patriarchal families?), which could unite into a clan together with nearby settlements. During a warm period, the mature men departed with the herds to the temporary sites (some 5–10 persons per site) within the radius of several kilometres, while the rest of the population remained in the basic settlements.