In the communication The first attempts to edit works of Dimitrie Cantemir in Russia the author demonstrates that although D. Cantemir until 1711 developed several scientific and literary works, he has managed to publish only one, being his philosophical treatise “Divanul sau gâlceava înţeleptului cu lumea”(” Divan or a dispute of a sage with the world”), published in Iasi in 1698. After his establishment in Russia he succeeds to develop a number of other important scientific works that he wanted to edit. In the study the author presents that after 1714 when D. Cantemir published a “Panegiric” dedicated to Peter I, undertakes other attempts to print, understanding that the only in this way he may distribute the writings widely. Next there is inconclusive evidences according to which it is clear that the Moldovan prince tried to uncover such important treaties such as “Descrierea Moldovei” (”Description of Moldova”) and “Hronicul vechimei a romano-moldo-vlahilot” (”Age Chronicle of Roman Moldovan-Vlachs”), but for a reason or another, participation in the Persian campaign (summer-autumn 1722), then the death occurred in August 1723, prevented him to see his publishing plans made. At the insistence of Peter I in December 1722 is printed only “Cartea sistemei religiei mahomedane” (”The book of system of Mohammedan religion”).