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SM ISO690:2012 CHIROŞCA, Adelaida. Icoanele Acoperământul Maicii Domnului din colecția Muzeului Național de Istorie a Moldovei. In: Tyragetia. Serie nouă, 2014, nr. 2(23), pp. 339-348. ISSN 1857-0240. |
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Tyragetia. Serie nouă | ||||||
Numărul 2(23) / 2014 / ISSN 1857-0240 /ISSNe 2537-6330 | ||||||
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CZU: 069.02:93/94(478) | ||||||
Pag. 339-348 | ||||||
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In the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova there are six icons related to the famous iconographic type “Protection of the Holy Virgin”. This type, that was designed to reflect the images of the feast of the Holy Virgin, has a complex composition, which harmoniously combines events, phenomena and characters belonging
to different time periods. At the heart of it lies the vision of Andrew the Fool-for-Christ in the Blachernae church of Constantinople. The plot of the icons also recalls the miraculous phenomenon that became known as the Miracle of Blachernae. At the same time, this iconographic composition may be an illustration of the cycle of hymns, which conceptually transmits the idea of the intercession of the Blessed Virgin. In the 10th century, in honor of the miraculous vision in Blachernae Eastern Church has established the celebration of the Intercession of the Theotokos on October 1; Russian Church celebrates this feast widely from the 12th century.
Today Orthodox Church unites under its auspices many holy temples dedicated to the feast of the Protection of Holy Virgin, which became a symbol of care and intercession. Celebration of the Intercession on October 1 coincides with the feast of Romanos the Melodist (490–560), who is the author of the Akathist Hymn to the Theotokos. The composition of icons of the Protection consists of the upper and lower parts. The upper part shows the Virgin
standing on clouds with the veil symbolizing the protection in her hands, surrounded by saints, the holy prophets and the Myrrh-bearers. In the center of the lower part there is depicted Romanos the Melodist, on the right of him there are the emperors and men of Church; on the left St. Andrew the Fool-for-Christ is depicted, turning to his disciple Epiphanius and pointing up at the miracle that takes place in the temple. On some icons in the lower part
there is depicted the dream of Romanos the Melodist, in which Our Lady gives him a scroll, blessing him to sing and write hymns. There are icons depicting only the Virgin. Five of the six icons from the collection of NMHM are of average size, and one is larger, probably derived from a church dedicated to the feast. These icons are painted in oil and tempera on wood, composition of most of them
corresponds exactly to this iconographic type. |
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