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SM ISO690:2012 CUMPĂNĂ, Ana. Predispoziţia ereditară în patogenia hipertensiunii arteriale esenţiale (HTAE)
. In: Analele Ştiinţifice ale USMF „N. Testemiţanu”, 2009, nr. 1(10), pp. 154-160. ISSN 1857-1719. |
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Analele Ştiinţifice ale USMF „N. Testemiţanu” | ||||||
Numărul 1(10) / 2009 / ISSN 1857-1719 | ||||||
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Pag. 154-160 | ||||||
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Hereditary predisposition in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension
Blood circulation is due to a difference of pressure between the arterial system with high pressure and the venous system with low pressure. The difference of pressure is created by heart's pump activity. The last one, when increased, exerts an influence on the peripherical resistance, which is another component implicated in the development of hypertension. The circulation resistance can be explained by the multitude of muscular fibres in the walls of the arterioles; these ones can be in a state of contraction or dilatation, the "basic tonus" of the arterioles being controlled by the vegetative nervous system, by different metabolic substances and hormones.
Of course, the revealing of a high blood pressure doesn't necessarily indicate a permanent hypertension. In the majority of cases (more than 90 per cent), the cause of hypertension can not be defined – this is the so-called "essential hypertension" (hypertensive disease). Essential hypertension is determined by the action of hereditary and vascular factors, repeated emotional states, some hormonal disturbances (related to the adrenal glands, for example) and environment factors. Studying the action of these factors allows us to explain why hypertension occurs in
some families. Untreated hypertension is known to be a factor of risk, which favours the localization and the worsening of atherosclerosis, altogether with associated heart complications (ischaemic heart disease), cerebral accidents, stenoses of the carotid arteries or of the lower limbs' arteries (arteritis). |
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