Objectives. The objective of the work was to explore and analyse the current state of osteoporosis in Eastern European countries, including prevalence rates, risk factors, and healthcare challenges, by raising awareness about the burden of osteoporosis in the region and to identify strategies for improving disease prevention. Material and methods. This work was a narrative synthesis of specialized literature, national and international scientific articles. A search strategy was developed using best practice guidelines. Scientific articles were searched in databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline over a 10-year period. Keywords used in the search were: osteoporosis, risk factors, Eastern European countries. Results. Osteoporosis is a medical condition that affects bone health and density. Although osteoporosis is not typically classified as a social disease, some social and environmental factors can contribute to the development and progression of the condition. For example, lifestyle factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor nutrition can increase the risk of osteoporosis. Socioeconomic factors such as poverty, inadequate access to healthcare, and limited education may also affect a person's risk of developing osteoporosis. Furthermore, osteoporosis can have consequences such as functional limitations in physical activity and mobility, increased risk of falls and fractures, reduced quality of life, decreased productivity, and increased healthcare costs. Osteoporosis morbidity rates can vary across Eastern European countries, and reliable data for all countries may not be readily available. According to the International Osteoporosis Foundation, the prevalence of osteoporosis varies among Eastern European countries, with rates ranging from 7.6% in Bulgaria to 20.2% in Hungary. In the majority of these nations, women are more likely than males to have osteoporosis. The foundation also reports that, compared to Western Europe, Eastern Europe has a higher incidence of hip fractures. It is important to note that these figures may not accurately represent the current situation in each country as data collection methods and reporting may vary. According to available data, the morbidity due to osteoporosis in the Republic of Moldova is relatively high. A study conducted in 2016 reported that the prevalence of osteoporosis among women aged 50 years and older was 25.9%. Another study conducted in 2020 reported that the incidence of hip fractures due to osteoporosis in the country has been increasing over the years. Osteoporosis is recognized as a significant public health issue in the Republic of Moldova, with high rates of hip fractures and associated morbidity and mortality. Conclusions. Overall, even though osteoporosis is primarily a medical condition, social and environmental factors can impact how it develops and affects people, highlighting the need for a multifaceted prevention strateg