The restoration of historical monuments and buildings has continued for centuries, but now there is a growing interest in the analysis of materials of historical value. The research methodology is determined in the analytical methodology based on induction and inference in relation to restoration projects. The analytical study aims to highlight the current position and the restoration operations that are neglected when preparing the cost estimate in the development of building restoration projects. Unforeseen aspects during the restoration of a building can appear at the level of artistic components (stucco, paintings, mosaic, stairs), etc. The priority objectives of the scientific investigation focus on the authentication of the materials, the compatibility studies regarding the restoration interventions with new materials and the monitoring of the interventions over a certain period (greater than one year). Scientific investigation can range from the use of simple methods to complex analytical methods that are capable of providing qualitative and quantitative data on specific material properties and degradation phenomena. Starting from its multiple practical implications, scientific investigation, through its various expertises, can be found in absolutely all stages of the valorization of the historical monument. We have come to our attention a range of scientific methods useful in knowing the problems of a monument or building, generated by a multitude of factors and expressed on case studies. Knowledge of these aspects constitute the main inputs of the standardization system programmed for archaeological and historical building restoration projects. Moreover, historical buildings represent the era in which they were built and constitute a historical record of a certain community. In most cases, such buildings attract the interest of the whole world, representing important tourist destinations.