Clinical-genetic and neurological aspects in Di-George syndrome: clinical case
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GHEREG, Anatolie, HADJIU, Svetlana, RACOVIȚĂ, Stela, TIHAI, Olga, REVENCO, Ninel, SPRINCEAN, Mariana. Clinical-genetic and neurological aspects in Di-George syndrome: clinical case. In: Perspectives of the Balkan medicine in the post COVID-19 era: The 37th Balkan Medical Week. The 8th congress on urology, dialysis and kidney transplant from the Republic of Moldova “New Horizons in Urology”, Ed. 37, 7-9 iunie 2023, Chişinău. București: Balkan Medical Union, 2023, Ediția 37, p. 252. ISSN Print: ISSN 1584-9244 ISSN-L 1584-9244 Online: ISSN 2558-815X.
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Perspectives of the Balkan medicine in the post COVID-19 era
Ediția 37, 2023
Congresul "Perspectives of the Balkan medicine in the post COVID-19 era"
37, Chişinău, Moldova, 7-9 iunie 2023

Clinical-genetic and neurological aspects in Di-George syndrome: clinical case


Pag. 252-252

Ghereg Anatolie1, Hadjiu Svetlana12, Racoviță Stela1, Tihai Olga12, Revenco Ninel12, Sprincean Mariana12
 
1 ”Nicolae Testemițanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
2 Institute of Mother and Child
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 5 ianuarie 2024


Rezumat

Introduction. Velocardiofacial syndrome, or Di George (22q11.2 deletion), is the most common microdeletion syndrome encountered in humans. In infants, it usually presents with the triad: immunodeficiency, congenital cardiac anomalies, and hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism. Aim of the study. To highlight the clinical-genetic and neurological aspects of Di-George syndrome by studying a clinical case based on determining the association between the neurological picture and the characteristic genetic mutation. Results. Patient A.M. age 11.9 years, was admitted for generalized tonic seizures in the paediatric neurology ward. History: term-born, weight 3700 g., delayed neuropsychological development during the period up to referral (walked at ~1.8 years, started to say first words at 3 years. He was investigated for recurrent wheezing attacks at ~5 years. He underwent adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, and tear duct dilation. At school age, he presented with learning disabilities. Physical examination: coarse facial appearance, elongated face, narrow forehead, small low-set ears, nasal voice. Chvostek and Trousseau signs - positive. Laboratory data: hypocalcemia (6 mg/dl) and hyperphosphatemia (10mg/dl); parathyroid hormone (PTH) - low level (13.3pg/ml); thyroid hormones, cortisol, prolactin, and follicle stimulating hormone - values in the norm. The deletion 22q11.2 was detected. Conclusions. There is no clear phenotypegenotype association in Di-George syndrome (22q11). However, multiple phenotypic variabilities are observed even among family members with the same mutations. Thus, early diagnosis can be difficult, based on clinical features (characteristic facial features and level of neuropsychological development). But genetic diagnosis cannot provide information about the severity of neurological manifestations in compromised patients.