The defining features of the world economic picture include: diversification and rapid renewal of the supply of goods; the globalization of markets; increasing the demands of customers, of society; organization of trade in food products in supermarkets (additional requirements regarding the shelf life of products). They involve a modification of the classic picture of the risks associated with food: - risks associated with environmental pollution; - risks associated with intensive agriculture (residues of pesticides, residues of veterinary drugs, promoters of growth, anabolics, etc.); - risks associated with processing technologies (food additives, man-made contaminants, etc.); - risks associated with packaging and materials that come into contact with food (phthalates, bisphenols, heavy metals, etc.). Thus, there are multiple toxicological risks related to various man-made contaminants: biological, chemical risks, risks of falsification and counterfeiting of food. The paper analyzes the main groups of risks and challenges faced by the food industry and which can intervene along the food chain, as well as methods to reduce their impact.