Taking into account the specificity of the area, with the climate change, the afforestation problem acquires special significance. The world's first experiments on creating protective afforestation in the steppe were laid in Russia about 300 years ago, securing the priority of the origin of agroforestry science and practice. Admittedly, the first comprehensive generalization of many years of experience in afforestation in the steppes belongs to V.V. Dokuchaev. He developed the methodological foundations of forest reclamation, as a reliable method of combating drought and stopping the degradation of black earth, and put forward the initiative to transform steppe landscapes into forest-steppe ones. The afforestation of the South-East area of Romania, being a complex issue of national importance, and not only, falls into the category of investment works that include expenses for preparing the land, planting trees, construction and putting into operation new economic objectives, expenses intended for reconstructions, re-profiling, refurbishment, etc. The afforestation activity requires that, before making proposals for their development, all the modalities of achieving the minimum goals: the need for materials, labor, energy, and money means must be studied multilaterally.