The article presents the results of the studies on the peculiarities of the seeds and the quality indices of the green mass, obtained from the non-traditional crops Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Raphanus sativus var. olifera, Sinapsis alba, Linum usitatissimum, Sesamum indicum and the hybrid Rumex tianschanicus × Rumex patientia. The results reflect the values of dimensional parameters, friability, seed structure and quality indices of the harvested green mass (nutritive value, biochemical potential to obtain biomethane). It has been demonstrated that the criterion of dimensional proportionality Kdp, used in the present research, shows the real structure of the seeds. The harvested green mass from non-traditional crops has the optimal content of protein and carbohydrates for animal feed and biomethane production.