Along with other forms of security (for example – military, epidemiological, cyber security, etc.) the food security of the country's population constitutes an area of major importance regarding the successful activity of state governing bodies. Obviously, this level of importance becomes much higher under the conditions of the simultaneous appearance and operation of several risk phenomena, some of which are reflected in the given article. According to the analysis carried out, in the considerable number of publications on the subject addressed, there are practically no attempts to classify and systematize the responsibilities of the governors regarding combating (at least – contracting) risk phenomena, especially (as already mentioned), in cases of their simultaneous appearance and operation. As a consequence, a large part of problems remains not only intact, but also undetected, turning the negative consequences of their action into difficulty or even impossibility to solve. The scientifically argued identification and classification of the different hierarchical levels of governmental powers, aimed at ensuring the indisputable food security of the country under the simultaneous influence of different risk groups, constitutes the main purpose of this research. The methodological basis of the research is the general theory of management, including general and strategic management, the evaluation of business and investment projects, economic grouping, the formation of dynamic chains, comparison, etc. The statistical data of the NBS of the Republic of Moldova, the results of the scientific research of the scientists, the monographic analysis, the informative materials, reflected on the specialized pages (special software) and others, were used as informational support. Three hierarchical levels of responsibility of the governing bodies (and civil society) of responsibility for ensuring the food security of the country were identified, consecutively, appropriate tools and economic mechanisms were established to measure, and later – to evaluate the practical results of their activity. The paper has been developed within the project "Development of new economic instruments for assessing and stimulating the competitiveness of agriculture of the Republic of Moldova for the years 2020 - 2023" (code - 20.80009.0807.16)