The article «THE STUDY OF A LITERARY TEXT THROUGH THE PRISM OF CULTURE AND HISTORY» is devoted to the study of the historical and cultural component of a literary text for educational purposes. The article draws attention to the fact that historical and cultural information is the most important component of the content of a literary text, which is associated with the reflection / expression of the historical context and cultural background of the epoch, country, society. The author argues for the need to study texts in these aspects, reveals the essence of both the historical aspect, which makes it possible to study and disclose the interrelationships / relationships of such concepts as „personality, generation, people, nation, fatherland”; and the uniqueness of the culturological approach, which is due to the fact that the artistic text is one of the most important cultural objects. The author examines the forms of manifestation of the cultural component in the text and suggests possible options for the types of tasks for studying the text in a given key.