In the Republic of Moldova, soil, climate and geography have dictated land and resources’ utilization. These factors determine where grapes can thrive and ripen with acceptable regularity. Every suitable part of the country is used to its maximum benefit. The main climatic parameters that determine the conditions for the grapes development are heat, light and moisture. Meanwhile, during the year, climatic increased risks over the lifecycle of the crop may occur – such as frost, drought, lack of heat or humidity, which can affect a limited territory but can cause a state of stress over the development of plant physiological processes. In the Republic of Moldova the territory is characterized by a high degree of fragmentation, respectively there is a diversity of climatic conditions, and concerning the evolution of some climatic parameters characterizing land suitability for viticulture there is a requirement for a complex study.