The purpose of the article is to provide an algorithm that allows choosing a valid method of statistical data processing and development of a model for acquiring knowledge about statistical methods and mastering skills of competent knowledge application in various research activities. Modelling method is a leading approach to the study of this problem. It allows us to consider this issue as a targeted and organized process of application of the author’s methodology for the selection of appropriate statistical method for the efficient processing of the research results. The article showcases an algorithm that allows to choose an appropriate method of statistical data processing: general algorithm of statistical methods application in scientific research, statistical problems systematization based on which there have been outlined conditions for specific research methods application. To make a final decision concerning the statistical method at the stage of data received and statistical tasks of the research defined, it is proposed to use an author’s algorithm that allows to competently select the method of processing the research results.