The purpose of the research cosnists in detremining epidemiological peculiarities and optimize prevention and treatment in posttraumatic osteitis. Material and methods: There has bee made a study with in National Scientific - Practice Center of Emergency Medicine (Moldova), Plastic Surgery Clinic and Reconstructive Locomotor’s Microsurgery between 2010-2012 years. There have been studied 2262 patients observation forms treated in septic trauma section, of which 523patients with posttraumatic osteitis, the rest being other forms of septic lesions of the locomotor. Structure according to gender: women - 19%, aged between 20 and 65 years, men -81%, average age - 36 years. Osteitis trauma by trauma type: Transport44,4%, due to gun fire - 3,4%, habitual- 41,0%, sport - 0,9%, production- 10,3%. Condition of contamination by trauma type (closed, open): Closed traumas1) habitual - 40,42%, 2) nozocomial - 59,58%; Open traumas: 1) habitual - 85,86%, 2) nozocomial- 14,14%. Duration of posttraumatic osteitis: until 1 year - 73%, from 2- 3 years - 10%, 4-5 years - 2%, 6-7 years -1%, 8-9 years - 2%, more than 10 years - 12%. Frequency of relapses: primary exacerbation - 19%, repeated exacerbation - 16%, exacerbation of 3 times - 7%, exacerbation of 4 times and more - 11%, primary manifestation of symptoms - 47%. Results: according to the research 27 % of cases are repeatedrelapsesafter the first exacerbation during the whole life. The rate of septic complications in closed fractures predominate nosocomial infection-59, 58% according to the study demonstrates that in inpatient treatment were ignored prevention measures of infection, in some cases osteosynthesis was performed at indications limit or there have been cases when the stabilization of fragments with fixation material was not enough. The occurrence of postoperative septic complications in home conditions treatment, suggeststhe idea that thereasonis the application of external fixation, broochormixedintheabsence of provided proper medical care. Aggressiveness of skeletal infectionis caused by various bacterial stems from which 62.07% predominate gram+, and also by the combination of microorganisms, which makes usonce again toreview the antibiotic. Conclusions: antibiotics cannot be administrated at accidentally (as there have been examined medical foms-many days until surgeryor chronic infections open hearth). The indication of antibiotics with therapeutic purpose is targeted according to antibiotic gram and starts preoperative and postoperative and intraoperative period, the treatment may take up 6 weeks. The administration of antibiotic in acute infection begins with abroad-spectrum antibiotic for4-5 days then adjusting antibiotherapy to taken microfloray.