In recent decades, the incidence of salmonellosis has been increasing worldwide. Contamination of food with Salmonella spp. And, as a consequence, the development of salmonellosis is a common bacterial disease that affects the intestinal tract and a severe foodborne toxic infection, it is a serious threat that requires great attention to the control of the microbiological purity of food, the development of quick and accurate methods for the detection and identification of Salmonella spp. in food in order to ensure their quality in a timely manner and safety, as well as avoidance of economic losses. Currently, Salmonella spp. is detected by standard microbiological methods, which are usually laborious and time-consuming. Nowadays, molecular techniques are becoming more and more important for the detection and typing of Salmonella. The modern scientific literature on the mechanisms of development of Salmonella infections at the genetic level has been analyzed. The ability of Salmonella to penetrate into phagocytes and enterocytes within a few minutes after ingestion of infected food and follow spread throughout the body is provided by a set of effectors whose coordinated expression promotes intracellular survival and replication of bacteria. One of the earliest stages of the pathogenic cycle is the invasion of intestinal epithelial cells. The genetic locus inv, which allows Salmonella spp. to penetrate intestinal epithelial cells, has been identified. The invA gene is a part of this locus and an important component of the inner membrane of the Type III Salmonella Secretion System (T3SS) apparatus, which is responsible for regulation of the export of virulence protein in pathogenic bacteria. Bacterial genome of Salmonella includes almost 4.5 thousand genes and consists of one circular chromosome and a number of plasmids. Have been identified the most common genes, and the most detectable gene was the invA gene. In the studies of many authors, PCR is used to identify Salmonella spp. For this, using special programs, primers are created and implemented that target the invA gene, as a conservative and specific indicator of the Salmonella genome. These primers are the most selective. The invA gene contains unique sequences specific to the genus Salmonella and has established itself as a specific target for PCR. To obtain a more accurate profile of the prevalence of Salmonella spp, it is appropriate to use the PCR-RT method and to develop primers specific for the invA gene. This approach can be considered as a good alternative to the traditional culture method.