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 SM ISO690:2012DUKA, Gh., BOGDEVICH, Oleg, NICOLAU, Elena. Persistent organochlorine pesticides and their impact on human health . In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2022, Ed. 7, 3-4 martie 2022, Chișinău. Chisinau: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2022, Ediția 7, Vol.1, pp. 194-195. ISBN 978-9975-159-07-4.. 10.19261/eec.2022.v1 |
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| Ecological and environmental chemistry Ediția 7, Vol.1, 2022 |
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Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2022" 7, Chișinău, Moldova, 3-4 martie 2022 | ||||||
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The presence of persistent pesticides in environmental components is a major problem both nationally and internationally. This fact is conditioned by the detection of increased amounts of these compounds in various environmental samples, taken in different locations around the world, including from permanently uninhabited territories. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are biocides of anthropogenic origin, used mainly for insect control. They have a high toxicity (groups III – IV), are fat-soluble and can enter the human body by ingestion, inhalation, or contact. Most organochlorine pesticides are banned for production, marketing, and use, which include high toxicity and bioaccumulation in the food chain. OCPs are characterized by persistence in environmental components due to the high level of chemical stability, the half-life varying from a few days to decades. In the Republic of Moldova, the largest quantities of organochlorine pesticides are identified in soil samples taken from the territory of warehouses for storage and processing of these pesticides (intensively exploited during the Soviet period), as well as in the territories adjacent to these deposits. In some cases, the determined concentrations exceed the maximum permissible value thousands of times. In addition, high values are also detected in the areas of unauthorized dumping. The problem is aggravated by the fact that most of the landfills are in the process of destruction, people and animals having free access to both territories and waste storage lots. In addition, geological and meteorological phenomena contribute to their spread and modification in environmental components. Studies on soil samples, sediments, food and biological tissues taken on the territory of the Republic of Moldova have highlighted the presence of DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor, etc., their content ranging from micrograms to grams per kilogram of sample. The content of these compounds in natural waters is relatively low, due to their low solubility in water. The toxic effects of organochlorine pesticides on organisms are manifested by immune system damage, digestive tract pathologies, respiratory dysfunction, neurotoxic disorders, severe cardiovascular disorders, food allergies, cognitive dysfunction, development of various cancers, increased number of miscarriages and infertility, the birth of children with birth defects, and other serious consequences. The presence of these substances in the atmospheric air is manifested by irritations of the respiratory organs, severe headaches, intoxications, vomiting, etc. The penetration and bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in the human body is a factor in the destruction of both the body itself and the bodies of breastfed children because the presence of these compounds is attested in breast milk. Therefore, some of the efforts made by state institutions, control bodies, the academic community must be reoriented towards the harmonization of legislation in the field and its connection to international law, identification of existing sources of pollution of environmental components with organochlorine pesticides, organization of restrictive measures of access to contaminated territories, as well as the implementation of technologies for their conservation or remediation. |
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc='http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/' xmlns:oai_dc='http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:schemaLocation='http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd'> <dc:creator>Duca, G.G.</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Bogdevici, O.P.</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nicolau, E.P.</dc:creator> <dc:date>2022</dc:date> <dc:description xml:lang='en'><p>The presence of persistent pesticides in environmental components is a major problem both nationally and internationally. This fact is conditioned by the detection of increased amounts of these compounds in various environmental samples, taken in different locations around the world, including from permanently uninhabited territories. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are biocides of anthropogenic origin, used mainly for insect control. They have a high toxicity (groups III – IV), are fat-soluble and can enter the human body by ingestion, inhalation, or contact. Most organochlorine pesticides are banned for production, marketing, and use, which include high toxicity and bioaccumulation in the food chain. OCPs are characterized by persistence in environmental components due to the high level of chemical stability, the half-life varying from a few days to decades. In the Republic of Moldova, the largest quantities of organochlorine pesticides are identified in soil samples taken from the territory of warehouses for storage and processing of these pesticides (intensively exploited during the Soviet period), as well as in the territories adjacent to these deposits. In some cases, the determined concentrations exceed the maximum permissible value thousands of times. In addition, high values are also detected in the areas of unauthorized dumping. The problem is aggravated by the fact that most of the landfills are in the process of destruction, people and animals having free access to both territories and waste storage lots. In addition, geological and meteorological phenomena contribute to their spread and modification in environmental components. Studies on soil samples, sediments, food and biological tissues taken on the territory of the Republic of Moldova have highlighted the presence of DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor, etc., their content ranging from micrograms to grams per kilogram of sample. The content of these compounds in natural waters is relatively low, due to their low solubility in water. The toxic effects of organochlorine pesticides on organisms are manifested by immune system damage, digestive tract pathologies, respiratory dysfunction, neurotoxic disorders, severe cardiovascular disorders, food allergies, cognitive dysfunction, development of various cancers, increased number of miscarriages and infertility, the birth of children with birth defects, and other serious consequences. The presence of these substances in the atmospheric air is manifested by irritations of the respiratory organs, severe headaches, intoxications, vomiting, etc. The penetration and bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in the human body is a factor in the destruction of both the body itself and the bodies of breastfed children because the presence of these compounds is attested in breast milk. Therefore, some of the efforts made by state institutions, control bodies, the academic community must be reoriented towards the harmonization of legislation in the field and its connection to international law, identification of existing sources of pollution of environmental components with organochlorine pesticides, organization of restrictive measures of access to contaminated territories, as well as the implementation of technologies for their conservation or remediation.</p></dc:description> <dc:identifier>10.19261/eec.2022.v1</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Ecological and environmental chemistry (Ediția 7, Vol.1) 194-195</dc:source> <dc:title>Persistent organochlorine pesticides and their impact on human health </dc:title> <dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type> </oai_dc:dc>
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