This article focuses on the history of the modern relations of the Russia Federation and the Republic of Moldova, that has a little more that twenty years. Nevertheless, this small historic proportions period of time is associated with such significant events like the recognition in the international arena, the establishment of diplomatic relations, the formation of the legal basis of bilateral relations, cooperation within international organizations. The past period was characterized by various changes in the course of which there were processes of integration and disintegration, new interstate associations arise. In this regard, in the interstate relations between Russia solved the contradictions, determing thus, prospects and dynamics of modern and future Russian-Moldavian relations and Moldova were developed political, economic, spiritual and cultural connections, appeared and were .