Nanocrystalline PbTe is a remarkable AIVBVI semiconductor, which is illustrated by the following. It is a suitable and compliant material for nanoengineering due to the tunability of the size of nanocrystals, with the excitonic Bohr radius one order of magnitude larger. High Temperature Solution Phase Synthesis allows adequate control of the size and shape of particles during nucleation, growth, and self-assembly, and is found to be successful in producing semiconductor nanomaterials. An extensive investigation of various chemical routes has also revealed other strategies for shape tuning, such as varying the precursor molar ratios, the type of surfactant, growth time, and other synthesis parameters. Main difficulties are related to the investigation of the transport phenomena and conditioned by organic coverage of nanocrystals which diminish electrical investigations considerably. Our attempts to reduce the influence of the organic layer lead to the implementation of a water soluble surfactant which could be replaced during size selective precipitation. The present work focuses specifically on the effect of synthesis parameters, such as group IV and group VI precursors and their molar ratios, on the final reaction products. The optimum conditions of the solvothermal synthesis are selected to obtain nearly monodisperse PbTe nanoparticles, suitable for subsequent formation of conducting layers.figureFig. 1. Transmission electron micrographs of PbTe nanoparticles stabilized with PVP.Polyvinylpyrrolidone with molar wt ranged within 500–40000 was used as a stabilizing agent. Modifications of the synthesis procedures contributed to the formation of nano and microparticles with different shapes. Another contribution of PVP consists in the possibility of preparing water or methanol based colloidal solutions with subsequent formation of conductive layers. This fact makes it possible to apply a variety of methods for depositing and enhancing electric Single-crystalline rod-shaped lead telluride nanoparticles were also obtained using solvothermal synthesis. It is shown that the reaction temperature, time of the synthesis, and precursor molar ratio make it possible to tune the shape and size of nanocrystals. X-Ray powder diffraction with transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the crystallinity and morphology of nanoparticles obtained. The temperature dependence of the electric conductivity was also measured, and the activation energy of the prepared samples is 0.22–0.24 eV, which is close to values of bulk PbTe.