Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) are categorised as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They have been of great concern because of their bioaccumulation and toxicity to non-target organisms, persistence and long-range transport into environment. These chemicals can enter aquatic environments through agricultural runoff, effluent release and atmospheric deposition and other ways. Due to lower water solubility, POPs tend to sorb on the suspended particles and, through the sedimentation process, accumulate on the bottom of water body. POPs can be uptaken by bottom organisms and biomagnified over the food web. Therefore, the investigation of POPs in sediments can provide a valuable information about pollution in the region and possible toxic effect on aquatic organisms. Surface sediment samples (0-5 cm depth) from the Prut and Dniester rivers were analysed for o,p’- and p,p’-DDT and their transformation products (DDE and DDD), and four isomers of HCH (α-, β, γ-, δ-HCH). The total DDTs average concentrations for 2016-2018 (summer period) in the sediments ranged between 5.1 and 46 ng g-1 dry weight along the Dniester River, with highest values found along the Dubossari reservoir. The average values for the Prut River were several orders of magnitude smaller than those found in the Dniester and varied between 3.0 and 28 ng g-1 dry weight, the highest values being found at Leuseni and Sculeni sampling sites. In both rivers p,p’-DDE was the predominant compound comprising on average 40% from all analytes, followed by p,p’-DDD (28%), which reflects the degradation of historical DDT input in other environmental matrices. Among all four HCH isomers analysed in this study, only α- and βHCH were present in sediment samples, with the predominance of βcompound, indicating on HCHs degradation over long-term aging. Although HCHs were applied in the agricultural purpose in the past with the same intensity as DDT, the residues of HCHs were less abundant comparing with those of DDTs. In the Dniester and Prut Rivers the MONITOX International Conference “average HCHs concentrations ranged from 0.067 to 1.7 and from 0.11 to 1.1 ng g-1 dry weight, respectively. Low values can be explained by that fact that HCHs, compared to DDTs, have higher water solubility, higher vapour pressure, greater biodegradability and lower lipophilicity.