The essential factor in enhancing the economic potential of a country lies in international trade and the exchange of goods with the global community. The magnitude of this potential is typically revealed through the export and import of goods, both of which exert economic and social impacts on the economy of the Republic of Moldova. This study aims to provide an analysis of a product with one of the most significant impacts on the volume of exports and imports in the Republic of Moldova and worldwide – sunflower. Currently, the sunflower seed market holds exceptional importance for farmers and intermediary traders, as a portion of their income is derived from the sale of sunflower seeds. Additionally, it is crucial for consumers who utilize sunflower oil and other products derived from this crop. This study presents a series of analyses related to the international and global trade of sunflower seeds, as well as the by-products obtained through seed processing.