The rapid progress of science and technology, especially in the last decades, favored an unprecedented development of expertise, currently encountered in almost all areas of human activity. The necessity is imposed by the desire of presenting conclusive evidence before the judicial bodies, international commercial arbitration bodies and economic operators, to ensure the adoption of fair decisions. The complexity and special character of the problems that have to be settled by the judicial bodies oblige them consult the opinion of specialists in different fields and explain the great importance attributed to means of evidence in stating the reality of the facts. Among them, the expertise represents that form of application of special knowledge by which, based on methodic researches using scientific methods, the expert presents the scientifically grounded conclusions on the facts which need special knowledge to be elucidated.

Expertiza judiciară reprezintă acea formă de aplicare a cunoştinţelor speciale medicale prin care, in baza unei cercetări metodice, folosind procedee ştiinţifice, expertul aduce la cunoştinţa organului, care l-a imputernicit, concluzii motivate ştiinţific cu privire la faptele pentru a căror elucidare sunt necesare cunoştinţe speciale şi care poate fi definită ca o activitate ştiinţificopractică de aplicare a cunoştinţelor speciale medicale, in cadrul unui proces penal, civil sau administrativ, efectuată in scopul cercetării: unor obiecte, persoane, fenomene sau procese şi stabilirea unor date despre circumstanţele ce pot avea importanţă probatorie pentru cauza cercetată.