Small business is the core of most developed countries market economies. The transition to market economy in Moldova has highlighted a number of issues that increased global economic and social crisis, while RM was not able to take specific action or to establish certain development strategies under new conditions. The role of the small business sector increased significantly. But in recent years the number of small and medium enterprises in Moldova has been in a slow growth. For creation of a favorable business environment, promotion of entrepreneurship and insurance of social cohesion in Moldova, the State should support small businesses and Small and Medium Enterprises should represent the main factor of sustainable economic growth and national competitiveness of Moldova Republic.